{"id":40168,"date":"2025-08-25T11:30:48","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T09:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/en\/knowledge-base\/"},"modified":"2025-08-26T10:06:37","modified_gmt":"2025-08-26T08:06:37","slug":"oil-cleanliness-testing-classification-and-contamination-measurement-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/en\/knowledge-base\/oil-cleanliness-testing-classification-and-contamination-measurement-methods","title":{"rendered":"Oil cleanliness testing, classification, and contamination measurement methods"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"page-hero alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col-lg-7 offset-lg-1 page-hero__text\">\n\n        <nav aria-label=\"Okruszki\" role=\"navigation\">\n  <ul class=\"breadcrumbs\" aria-label=\"lista okruszk\u00f3w\">\n\n    \n      <li class=\"breadcrumbs__item\">\n\n                  <a href=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/en\/\" class=\"breadcrumbs__link\">Home page<\/a>\n        \n      <\/li>\n\n    \n  <\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n\n        <h1 class=\"heading heading--sb\">Oil cleanliness testing, classification, and contamination measurement methods<\/h1>\n\n                  <p class=\"desc\">Did you know that mechanical contaminants in oil are the most destructive factor affecting the service life of equipment? When considering the causes of wear and tear on lubricated components in equipment, as much as 82% of these processes are related to the presence of mechanical contaminants in the oil.<\/p>\n        \n      <\/div>\n\n      <ul class=\"col-lg-7 offset-lg-1 links\" data-links><\/ul>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n      <svg class=\"page-hero__bg page-hero__bg--diagnostics\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xml:space=\"preserve\" width=\"122.057mm\" height=\"171.64mm\" version=\"1.1\" style=\"shape-rendering:geometricPrecision; text-rendering:geometricPrecision; image-rendering:optimizeQuality; fill-rule:evenodd; clip-rule:evenodd\"\r\nviewBox=\"0 0 13001.94 18283.7\"\r\n xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\">\r\n <defs>\r\n  <style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n    .str1 {stroke:#1D1D1B;stroke-width:11.27;stroke-miterlimit:22.9256}\r\n    .str0 {stroke:#1D1D1B;stroke-width:22.55;stroke-miterlimit:22.9256}\r\n    .str5 {stroke:#1D1D1B;stroke-width:21.3;stroke-miterlimit:22.9256}\r\n 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d=\"M11559.44 13383.22c-0.8,-130.44 3.49,-256.42 0.14,-384.6 43.1,53.59 87.02,108.21 131.24,163.32 0.47,19.26 1.99,39.22 2.56,58.17 -41.11,56.81 -90.65,107.66 -133.93,163.11z\"\/>\r\n <\/g>\r\n<\/svg>\n\n    \n  <\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"see-also alignwide\">\n\t<div class=\"see-also__content container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row justify-content-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__text-content offset-lg-1 offset-md-0 col-lg-9\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__heading\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"heading\">oil cleanliness class and equipment reliability<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"desc\">Did you know that mechanical contaminants in oil are the most destructive factor affecting the service life of equipment? When considering the causes of wear and tear on lubricated components in equipment, as much as 82% of these processes are related to the presence of mechanical contaminants in the oil.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n        <div class=\"container\">\n            <div class=\"row\">\n                <div class=\"offset-lg-1 offset-md-0 col-lg-11\">\n                    \n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"923\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/wyk.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/wyk.png 923w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/wyk-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/wyk-768x312.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 923px) 100vw, 923px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h3 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">deterioration of oil cleanliness<\/h3>\n<p>A deterioration in oil cleanliness by one class means a\u00a0doubling of the amount of contaminants in the sample for a\u00a0given interval. The level of contamination should be within the requirements specified by the equipment manufacturers. It should also be remembered that the higher the pressure, speed and lower the technological clearances, the better the cleanliness class should be.<br>\nIt is estimated that improving oil cleanliness by just one grade should result in an increase in trouble-free operating time, as shown below:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post__list post__list--nonordered\">\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nfor hydraulic systems: 30%,\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">\nfor gearboxes: 10%,\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">\nfor rotating devices: 20%,\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">\nfor diesel engines: 30%,\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">\nfor compressors: 30%,\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">\nfor rolling bearing components: 20%.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">Conversely, a\u00a0deterioration in cleanliness class reduces service life!<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The result of the cleanliness class test is presented as a\u00a0numerical code depending on the standard used. The most commonly used standards (technical norms) defining the cleanliness class of oil are: ISO 4406, NAS 1638, SAE AS 4059.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h2 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">NAS 1638 (National Aerospace Standard) coding system<\/h2>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The NAS 1638 coding system was developed in 1964 to define the contamination class for fluids used in aircraft. Due to the lack of alternatives at the time, the use of this standard was also extended to industrial hydraulic systems.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The coding system specifies the maximum permissible particle counts in 100 ml of volume in different size ranges (differential counting). Although the standard does not provide guidance on how to present the result, a\u00a0single code is generally given \u2013 it corresponds to the highest level recorded for all particle size ranges.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"532\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40015\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab1.png 704w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab1-300x227.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h2 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">ISO 4406 coding system<\/h2>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The coding system developed by the International Standards Organisation (ISO) according to ISO 4406:1999 is currently the most preferred method of classifying contamination. The numerical code for individual contamination levels consists of three numbers that enable the size and distribution of particles to be determined as follows:<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\"><b>For automatic particle counters: 18\/16\/13<\/b><\/p>\n<ul class=\"post__list post__list--nonordered\">\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nThe first number \u2013 the number of particles larger than or equal to 4 \u03bcm in 1 ml of liquid.<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nThe second number \u2013 the number of particles larger than or equal to 6 \u03bcm in 1 ml of liquid.<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nThe third number \u2013 the number of particles larger than or equal to 14 \u03bcm in 1 ml of liquid.<\/li>\n<p>\u00a0<br>\n<b>For microscopic examination: -\/16\/13<\/b><\/p>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nThe first number \u2013 not specified.<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nThe second number \u2013 the number of particles larger than or equal to 5 \u03bcm in 1 ml of liquid.<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">The third number \u2013 the number of particles larger than or equal to 15 \u03bcm in 1 ml of liquid.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"425\" height=\"834\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40021\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab2.png 425w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab2-153x300.png 153w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"see-also alignwide\">\n\t<div class=\"see-also__content container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row justify-content-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__text-content offset-lg-1 offset-md-0 col-lg-9\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__heading\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"desc\"><b>18\/16\/13<\/b>\r\n<li>18 &#8211;&nbsp;w&nbsp;1 ml 1300-2500 particles \u2265  4\u03bcm \r\n<li>16 &#8211;&nbsp;w&nbsp;1 ml 320-640    particles \u2265  6\u03bcm\r\n<li>13 &#8211;&nbsp;w&nbsp;1 ml 40-80 particles \u2265  14\u03bcm\r\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"see-also alignwide\">\n\t<div class=\"see-also__content container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row justify-content-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__text-content offset-lg-1 offset-md-0 col-lg-9\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__heading\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"desc\"><b>-\/16\/13<\/b>\r\n<li>16 &#8211;&nbsp;w&nbsp;1 ml  320-640 particles \u2265  5\u03bcm\r\n<li>13 &#8211;&nbsp;w&nbsp;1 ml  40-80 particles \u2265  15\u03bcm\r\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h2 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">SAE AS 4059 coding system<\/h2>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The SAE AS 4059 standard is an extension of the NAS 1638 standard and defines the level of cleanliness using an alphanumeric code. Particle size ranges are designated by letters from A to F, and particle quantity ranges from 000 to 12.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">In practice, results are given for all intervals, using cumulative or differential counting.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"648\" height=\"589\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40035\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab3.png 648w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab3-300x273.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h2 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">comparison of cleanliness classes ISO 4406, NAS 1638, SAE AS4059<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"687\" height=\"309\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40041\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab4.png 687w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab4-300x135.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h2 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">general requirements for oil cleanliness class<\/h2>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"812\" height=\"456\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40047\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab5.png 812w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab5-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/tab5-768x431.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 812px) 100vw, 812px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <p class=\"post__paragraph\">The required cleanliness classes may be more stringent depending on the specific nature of the system and the manufacturer\u2019s requirements.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h3 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">example purity classes<\/h3>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"see-also alignwide\">\n\t<div class=\"see-also__content container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row justify-content-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__text-content offset-lg-1 offset-md-0 col-lg-9\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__heading see-also__heading--image\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"see-also__image-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-1.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"heading\">100x magnification, 1 division corresponds to 10 \u00b5m<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"desc\">ISO 4406:1999          21\/20\/17\r\n<br>NAS 1638          11\r\n<br>SAE AS4059          12A\/11B\/11C\r\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"see-also alignwide\">\n\t<div class=\"see-also__content container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row justify-content-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__text-content offset-lg-1 offset-md-0 col-lg-9\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__heading see-also__heading--image\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"see-also__image-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-2.png\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"see-also__details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"heading\">100x magnification, 1 division corresponds to 10 \u00b5m<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"desc\">ISO 4406:1999          14\/12\/9\r\nNAS 1638          3\r\nSAE AS4059          4A\/3B\/3C\r\n\r\n<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <p>The method of classifying oil purity is one aspect, but another important element is the testing method, as not every method can be used for every type of oil.<br>\n\u00a0<br>\nFiltering 100 ml of oil through a\u00a0membrane with a\u00a0porosity of 1.2 \u00b5m (ISO 4407) with microscopic evaluation can be performed manually \u2013 by an experienced laboratory technician \u2013 or automatically, using a\u00a0microscope with appropriate software. This is a\u00a0classic method for which there are virtually no interferences.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">In addition to determining the cleanliness class, it provides a\u00a0realistic interpretation of the origin of particles in oil, e.g. wear metals, seal materials or dust from the environment. The method is recommended for all types of oils, except for PAG-based synthetic oils.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">For the automatic method, particles can be classified according to ISO 4406, NAS 1638, SAE AS 4059 and many others. For the manual method, the ISO 4406 classification is most commonly used.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">This method is also implemented by Ecol\u2019s specialised service teams on site at the customer\u2019s premises, e.g. during oil filtration services.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"722\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40070\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju.png 722w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Classic method for determining contaminants on a filter membrane according to ISO 4407.<br>Filter set: 1 \u2013 test liquid, 2 \u2013 filtered contaminants, 3 \u2013 membrane filter, 4 \u2013 filter pad, 5 \u2013 filtered liquid<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-4.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40081\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-4.webp 800w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-4-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-4-768x511.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Olympus CIX100 microscope with ISO 4406, SAE AS 4059 and ISO 16232 classification<br>for automatic counting of particles filtered on the membrane.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <p class=\"post__paragraph\">An automatic dilution method which, through the use of dilution techniques, eliminates interference associated with the presence of water and soluble sediments. The device allows for the testing of all types of oils \u2013 mineral, synthetic, phosphate esters, as well as cloudy and very dark oils (e.g., motor oils).<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">Particles can be classified according to ISO 4406, NAS 1638, SAE AS 4059, and many other standards.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-5.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40088\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-5.webp 800w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-5-300x210.webp 300w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-5-768x538.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">CINRG apparatus Method according to ASTM D7647, cleanliness classification according to ISO 4406, SAE AS 4059 and others.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <p class=\"post__paragraph\">Testing with an optical laser particle counter with optical particle analysis (PSC \u2013 Particle Shape Classification, Laser Net Fines)<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">Due to the limitations of the device, this method cannot be used for phosphate esters, heavily contaminated, dark, and cloudy oils.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">Particle classification is possible according to ISO 4406, NAS 1638, SAE AS 4059, and many other standards.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"866\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-77.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40094\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-77.png 866w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-77-300x145.png 300w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-77-768x372.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 866px) 100vw, 866px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <p class=\"post__paragraph\">Cleanliness testing with an automatic block particle counter<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The measurement principle is based on the pressure difference that occurs when the pores of the filter channels of individual membranes are blocked. With reference to the reference measurement, the cleanliness class can be determined without actually counting the particles.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The method is characterized by low interference and can be used for all types of fluids, including water-based ones. However, it requires a\u00a0larger sample size, which is why it is most often used during on-site service visits.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"705\" height=\"352\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-777.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-40099\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-777.png 705w, https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/badanie-klasy-czystosci-oleju-777-300x150.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 705px) 100vw, 705px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pall PCM 400 device<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h2 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">summary<\/h2>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">Maintaining oil cleanliness at an optimal level is undoubtedly one of the measures to reduce equipment failure rates, extend their service life, and improve availability. The key to maintaining the appropriate cleanliness level is regular cleanliness testing performed using appropriate methods.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post__paragraph\">The timing of the tests is also important. At the Ecol laboratory, depending on the needs, results can be delivered on an express basis \u2013 even within a\u00a0few hours of receiving the sample.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h3 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">literature<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"post__list post__list--nonordered\">\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">AS4059 Aerospace Fluid Power \u2013 Cleanliness Classification for Hydraulic\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">National Aerospace Standard NAS 1638<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">PN-ISO 4406: Method for coding particulate matter pollution<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">PN-ISO 4407: Contamination of working fluid, determination of contamination in the form of solid particles by counting using a\u00a0microscope<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">STLE CLS Preparation Class Presentation Handbook 2010<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">www.hydraulicparticlecounter.com<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">MP Filtri Engineers Handbook \u2013 Classes of Contamination<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">Mary Moon, Bel-Ray Company, Inc. Taking Lubricant Cleanliness to the Next Level<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">Noria Corporation Machine Life Extension Calculator<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">Rexroth Oil Cleanliness Booklet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"editor alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <article class=\"offset-lg-2 col-xl-9 col-lg-10 editor__text\">\n\n        \n          \n            \n\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <div class=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <h3 class=\"post__header heading heading--line\">research equipment:<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"post__list post__list--nonordered\">\n<li class=\"post__list-item\"><b>Aparat CINRG-CS-APC-2<\/b><\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nMetoda wg ASTM D7647\n<\/li><li class=\"post__list-item\">\nPurity classification according to ISO 4406, SAE AS 4059 and others\n<\/li>\n<ul class=\"post__list post__list--nonordered\">\n<li class=\"post__list-item\"><b>Spectro LNF Q200 camera<\/b><\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nMethod according to ASTM D7596<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nPurity classification according to ISO 4406, SAE AS 4059 and others<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nAdditionally: classification of particle shape according to wear mechanism<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"post__list post__list--nonordered\">\n<li class=\"post__list-item\"><b>Classic microscopic method<\/b><\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nISO 4407 or other standards, e.g. ISO 16232 (membrane filtration)<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nManual classification by laboratory technician according to ISO 4406<\/li>\n<li class=\"post__list-item\">\nAutomatic classification on an Olympus CIX100 microscope according to ISO 4406, SAE AS 4059, and ISO 16232<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      \t\t\t\t\t      <\/div>\n                \n          \n        \n      <\/article>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"contact-persons alignwide\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n\n      <div class=\"offset-lg-2 offset-md-0 col-lg-8\">\n\n        \n          <h2 class=\"heading heading--line\">contact<\/h2>\n\n        \n        \n          <h3 class=\"heading heading--large\">Do you have questions about oil and lubricant testing?<\/h3>\n\n        \n        \n          <p class=\"desc\">please contact us:<\/p>\n\n        \n      <\/div>\n\n      \n        <ul class=\"offset-lg-2 offset-md-0 col-lg-9 listing\">\n\n          \n            \n            <li class=\"listing__item\">\n\n\t            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"listing__inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"listing__image-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/katarzyna-paryz-400x400-2.jpg\" class=\"listing__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"listing__inner-details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"listing__heading heading heading--b\">Katarzyna Pary\u017c<\/h3>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"listing__position\">Head of sales office<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"tel:+48666047697\" class=\"listing__link\" target=\"\"><svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 14 14\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n  <path d=\"M13.1403 9.8875C13.1044 9.85906 10.5 7.98175 9.78512 8.1165C9.44387 8.17688 9.24875 8.40963 8.85719 8.87556C8.79419 8.95081 8.64281 9.13106 8.52513 9.25925C8.27767 9.17854 8.03629 9.08029 7.80281 8.96525C6.59773 8.37857 5.62406 7.4049 5.03737 6.19981C4.92225 5.96637 4.824 5.72498 4.74337 5.4775C4.872 5.35938 5.05225 5.208 5.12925 5.14325C5.593 4.75387 5.82619 4.55875 5.88656 4.21662C6.01038 3.50787 4.13437 0.8855 4.11469 0.861875C4.02957 0.740281 3.91849 0.639127 3.78948 0.565733C3.66047 0.492338 3.51676 0.448537 3.36875 0.4375C2.60837 0.4375 0.4375 3.25369 0.4375 3.72794C0.4375 3.7555 0.477313 6.55725 3.93225 10.0717C7.44319 13.5227 10.2445 13.5625 10.2721 13.5625C10.7467 13.5625 13.5625 11.3916 13.5625 10.6312C13.5516 10.4838 13.508 10.3405 13.435 10.2119C13.362 10.0833 13.2614 9.97248 13.1403 9.8875Z\" fill=\"black\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n666 047 697<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:k.paryz@ecol.eu\" class=\"listing__link\" target=\"\"><svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 14 14\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_447_7182)\">\n    <path d=\"M8.17001 8.57754C7.82171 8.80974 7.41713 8.93249 7 8.93249C6.5829 8.93249 6.17832 8.80974 5.83002 8.57754L0.0932148 4.75289C0.0613867 4.73167 0.0303789 4.70955 0 4.6868V10.9539C0 11.6724 0.583105 12.2427 1.28879 12.2427H12.7112C13.4297 12.2427 14 11.6596 14 10.9539V4.68677C13.9695 4.70957 13.9385 4.73175 13.9066 4.75299L8.17001 8.57754Z\" fill=\"black\"\/>\n    <path d=\"M0.548242 4.07039L6.28504 7.89507C6.50221 8.03985 6.75109 8.11223 6.99997 8.11223C7.24888 8.11223 7.49779 8.03982 7.71496 7.89507L13.4518 4.07039C13.7951 3.84166 14 3.45884 14 3.04568C14 2.33526 13.422 1.75732 12.7116 1.75732H1.28836C0.577965 1.75735 0 2.33529 0 3.04636C0 3.45884 0.204969 3.84166 0.548242 4.07039Z\" fill=\"black\"\/>\n  <\/g>\n  <defs>\n    <clipPath id=\"clip0_447_7182\">\n      <rect width=\"14\" height=\"14\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n    <\/clipPath>\n  <\/defs>\n<\/svg>\nk.paryz@ecol.eu<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n            <\/li>\n\n          \n            \n            <li class=\"listing__item\">\n\n\t            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"listing__inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"listing__image-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ecol.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Ljungquist-Michael-ECOL-www.png\" class=\"listing__image\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"listing__inner-details\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"listing__heading heading heading--b\">Michael Ljungquist<\/h3>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"listing__position\">Regional Sales Manager for Scandinavia<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"tel:+46722334075\" class=\"listing__link\" target=\"\"><svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 14 14\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n  <path d=\"M13.1403 9.8875C13.1044 9.85906 10.5 7.98175 9.78512 8.1165C9.44387 8.17688 9.24875 8.40963 8.85719 8.87556C8.79419 8.95081 8.64281 9.13106 8.52513 9.25925C8.27767 9.17854 8.03629 9.08029 7.80281 8.96525C6.59773 8.37857 5.62406 7.4049 5.03737 6.19981C4.92225 5.96637 4.824 5.72498 4.74337 5.4775C4.872 5.35938 5.05225 5.208 5.12925 5.14325C5.593 4.75387 5.82619 4.55875 5.88656 4.21662C6.01038 3.50787 4.13437 0.8855 4.11469 0.861875C4.02957 0.740281 3.91849 0.639127 3.78948 0.565733C3.66047 0.492338 3.51676 0.448537 3.36875 0.4375C2.60837 0.4375 0.4375 3.25369 0.4375 3.72794C0.4375 3.7555 0.477313 6.55725 3.93225 10.0717C7.44319 13.5227 10.2445 13.5625 10.2721 13.5625C10.7467 13.5625 13.5625 11.3916 13.5625 10.6312C13.5516 10.4838 13.508 10.3405 13.435 10.2119C13.362 10.0833 13.2614 9.97248 13.1403 9.8875Z\" fill=\"black\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n+46 72 233 40 75<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n                    \n                      <a href=\"\" class=\"listing__link\" target=\"\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n  <path d=\"M19 2c0-1.104-.896-2-2-2h-10c-1.104 0-2 .896-2 2v20c0 1.104.896 2 2 2h10c1.104 0 2-.896 2-2v-20zm-8.5 0h3c.276 0 .5.224.5.5s-.224.5-.5.5h-3c-.276 0-.5-.224-.5-.5s.224-.5.5-.5zm1.5 20c-.553 0-1-.448-1-1s.447-1 1-1c.552 0 .999.448.999 1s-.447 1-.999 1zm5-3h-10v-14.024h10v14.024z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/a>\n\n                    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:m.ljungquist@ecol.eu\" class=\"listing__link\" target=\"\"><svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 14 14\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n  <g clip-path=\"url(#clip0_447_7182)\">\n    <path d=\"M8.17001 8.57754C7.82171 8.80974 7.41713 8.93249 7 8.93249C6.5829 8.93249 6.17832 8.80974 5.83002 8.57754L0.0932148 4.75289C0.0613867 4.73167 0.0303789 4.70955 0 4.6868V10.9539C0 11.6724 0.583105 12.2427 1.28879 12.2427H12.7112C13.4297 12.2427 14 11.6596 14 10.9539V4.68677C13.9695 4.70957 13.9385 4.73175 13.9066 4.75299L8.17001 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